1 .Albert Einstein did create the formula E=mc2..
2.
Robert Oppenheimer
3. Danish Scientist Niels Bohr
4. Edward Teller
Ans: 2
Robert Oppenheimer headed the Manhattan Project where a lot of scientists contributed.
During World War II, the
United States, with the assistance
(collaboration) of physicists, mathematicians, and engineers from the
U.S., Britain, Canada and Germany (former Nazi physicists), completed
the
Manhattan Project to produce the first atomic bomb.
(The project started as the "Manhattan District Engineers" and only became "The Manhattan Project" some time later).
There was some early speculation about the possibility of what could be
done if a nuclear chain reaction was unleashed in a way that would
allow it to build without control. For a roll call, consider that
Robert
Oppenheimer was the head of "science" for the Manhattan Project, and
(in alphabetical order) Felix Block, David Bohm, Niels Bohr, Enrico
Fermi, James Franck, Otto Frisch, Klaus Fuchs, Rudolf Peierls, Emilio
Segre, Leo Szilard, Edward Teller and Eugene Wigner all played crucial
roles in getting the weapon designed and built.
The physicist
Albert Einstein did not participate directly in the invention of the
atomic bomb-but was instrumental in facilitating its development. His
Special Theory of Relativity emphasized that a large amount of energy
could be released from a small amount of matter. This was expressed by
the equation E=mc2 (energy = mass times the speed of light squared). The
atomic bomb would clearly illustrate this principle.
The first
demonstration of "the gadget" (the code name for the first atomic bomb)
was at Trinity site in Alamogordo, New Mexico, and it proved that the
weapon would detonate and that the chain would build as predicted. The
second and third demonstrations were conducted in Japan, which brought a
quick end to the Second World War. Just up to and during World War 2,
Germany was also working to develop atomic weapons, but was hampered by
many technical and political problems (including sabotage and Allied
bombings) which prevented their successfully completing their work. This
left the U.S. as the only nation to ever unleash nuclear weapons in an
attack.